Grammar & Resources

The group is centered on modeling linguistic knowledge, integrating interfaces between different areas of grammar and knowledge about how language is put to use. Joint work in formal phonology, lexicon, syntax and semantics allows building an integrated model of grammar, considering how it is represented in the human mind, as well as how it can be computationally modelled; work on L1 and L2 acquisition is at the core of this work. The integration of models of language representation and models of language use is achieved through the study of corpora.

The production of corpora and resources is justified by the goal of developing documentation and providing descriptions of contemporary European Portuguese, but also of understudied contact languages or varieties (Portuguese-based creoles, national varieties of Portuguese in Africa and Asia). The group also produces resources for the study of L1 and L2 acquisition in different settings. The group integrates CLARIN LP.

Research on L1 and L2 acquisition contributes to CLUL’s general purpose of effectively articulating fundamental and applied research, namely in the areas of Educational Linguistics and Clinical Linguistics.

General goals:

- To produce new resources for the study of Portuguese and Portuguese-based creoles;

- To pursue basic research on natural language modeling, integrating knowledge on interfaces between language modules;

- To continue the documentation and description of understudied creoles and new varieties of Portuguese that emerged in a context of language contact;

- To develop the study of language acquisition with an emphasis on language contact situations (see new international Heritage Language Consortium) and on the comparison between typical and atypical development;

- To explore the potential of comparative linguistics in the production of resources for translation and to promote connections with the industry in the area of translation.

 

Resources Type
A Lexicon of Child European Portuguese - CEPLEXicon Lexicon
A Portuguese Native Language Identification Dataset - NLI-PT Database
Acquisition of European Portuguese Databank - AcEP Database
Child-Adult Interaction Corpus - CAI Corpus
Child-Adult interaction European Portuguese Database
Consonantic Sequences Oral and Written Production Tasks - PORESC Tool
Controlled Portuguese - CLG Database
Corpora of PLE Corpus
Corpus Almeida - European Portuguese / French Corpus
Corpus Angolar Corpus
Corpus C-ORAL-ROM Corpus
Corpus CCF Corpus
Corpus CINTIL Corpus
Corpus Fadambo Corpus
Corpus Leiria (1991) Corpus
Corpus of Cape Verdean Portuguese Corpus
Corpus of Sri Lanka Portuguese Corpus
Corpus of the Diaries of the Portuguese Parliament annotated with PoS - PTPARL Corpus
Corpus PESTRA Corpus
Corpus Português Fundamental - Corpus PF Corpus
Corpus Principense Corpus
Corpus REDIP Corpus
Corpus Santome Corpus
Corpus SANTOS - European Portuguese Corpus
Crosslinguistic Child Phonology Project - Português Europeu - CLCP-PE Tool
Dados Orais de Cabo Verde - CV Words Database
Demo de Subespecificação e Desambiguação de Escopo Tool
Dictionary of Hindi-Portuguese-Hindi Database
Diu Indo-Portuguese Data Set Database
EP-Plurals Tool
Learner Corpus of Portuguese L2 - COPLE2 Corpus
LT Corpus (Literary Corpus) - LT Corpus Corpus
Modality Lexicon - MODAL-LEX-PT Lexicon
Multifunctional Computational Lexicon of Contemporary Portuguese Lexicon
Named Entity Recognizer - CRPC-NER Tool
Nominal Multiword Lexical Units in European Portuguese Lexicon
NPChunks: Corpus of 1000 sentences annotated with PoS and nominal chunks - NPChunks Corpus
Online Corpus of Writing and Speech of Children in the Early Years of Schooling - EFFE-On Corpus
Online Dictionary Portuguese-Slovak/Slovak-Portuguese Database
Pereira&Freitas - EP Corpus
Person-Machine Interaction in Natural Language - INQUER Database
PhonoDis Corpus
Phonological Awareness Tasks for First Grade School Children - TCFC Tool
Portuguese Biographies - Bio-PT Database
Portuguese Corpus Annotated for Modality - MODAL Corpus
Portuguese Lexicon of Discourse Markers - LDM-PT Lexicon
Portuguese Technical Lexica - LEXTEC Lexicon
Portuguese Discourse Bank - CRPC-DB Corpus
Quotations database - CRPC-quotations Database
Ramalho – EP Corpus
Reference Corpus of Contemporary Portuguese - CRPC Corpus
Santome Structure Dataset Database
Spoken Corpus Mozambique 1986-87 - SCM Corpus
Spoken Portuguese - Geographical and Social Varieties Corpus
Vocatives in European Portuguese Corpus
Word Combination in European Portuguese - LEX-MWE-PT Lexicon
WordNet.PT Lexicon
Journal Paper
Rodrigues, C., & Lourenço-Gomes, M. C. (2021). Dados de escrita de crianças de escolas portuguesas: vogais não acentuadas. Revista De Linguagem E Ensino, 24, Nº 4, Programa de Pós-graduação em Letras da Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Brasil, 775-798. http://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.15210/rle.v24i4.21270
Rodrigues, C., & Gomes, J. (2022). O quaijo que xerava bem: um estudo de produções escritas e orais do ditongo de crianças de dois dialetos portugueses. Revista De Estudos Linguísticos Da Universidade Do Porto, Vol. 1(N.º Especial de Homenagem à Professora Fátima Oliveira, CLUP), 313-339. http://doi.org/https://doi.org//10.21747/16466195/ling2022v1a13
Gomes, J., & Rodrigues, C. (2021). A escrita de /s/ e /z/ em português: dados de crianças do segundo ano de escolaridade. Revista Linguagem & Ensino, 24, Nº 4, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras da Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Brasil, 799-824. http://doi.org/HTTPS://DOI.ORG/10.15210/RLE.V24I4.21282
Duarte, I., Gonçalves, R., & Chimbutane, F. (2023). Dative possessor in Romance: a formal feature account with special reference to Portuguese. Journal Of Portuguese Linguistics, (4), 1-33. http://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.16995/jpl.9873
Serra, C., Svartman, F. R. F., & Cruz, M. (2022). Presentation. Prosody And Interfaces. Special Issue Of Delta: Documentação De Estudos Em Lingüística Teórica E Aplicada, 38(3), 1-14. http://doi.org/10.1590/1678-460X202259091
Frota, S., Pejovic, J., Cruz, M., Severino, C., & Vigário, M. (2022). Early Word Segmentation Behind the Mask. Frontiers In Psychology, 13:879123. http://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.879123
Zhou, C., & Freitas, M. J. (2024). Modelling the developmental path in the acquisition of /l/-final irregular plurals by Portuguese children. Language Acquisition. http://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/10489223.2024.2314029
Mendes, A., & Lejeune, P. (2023). Marcadores discursivos com funções modais: uma análise de claro e seus equivalentes funcionais em francês. Revista Da Associação Portuguesa De Linguística, 10. http://doi.org/10.26334/2183-9077/rapln10ano2023a12
Costa, A. L., & Batalha, J. (2020). Para um perfil do conhecimento gramatical da geração do milénio. Revista Da Associação Portuguesa De Linguística, (7), 37-54. http://doi.org/10.26334/2183-9077/rapln7ano2020a3
Móia, T. (2024). The Portuguese pluperfect forms: Diversity of forms, polysemy, and interaction with adjuncts. Probus, 2024, 1-27. http://doi.org/10.1515/probus-2024-2008
pdf628.68 KB
Móia, T. (2024). O quantificador 'ambos' como foco de variação no português contemporâneo. Estudos De Lingüística Galega, 16, 1-26. http://doi.org/10.15304/elg.16.9358
pdf849.44 KB
Agostinho, C., Gavarró, A., & Santos, A. L. (2025). The acquisition of the verbal passive: The role of verb type. Language Acquisition, 32(3). http://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/10489223.2024.2331238 (Original work published 04/2024AD)
Móia, T. (2024). A distribuição dos adjuntos temporais negativos no português contemporâneo: Negação, concordância negativa e construções de grau. Diacrítica, 38(1), 226-253. http://doi.org/10.21814/diacrítica.542827
pdf989.86 KB
Cardoso, H. C. (2023). Panton Malaijoe dan Portugees: A rediscovered manuscript. Biblioasia, (19(3), 46-53. Retrieved from https://biblioasia.nlb.gov.sg/ vol-19/issue-2/jul-sep-2023/
Hagemeijer, T., Gonçalves, R., & Alexandre, N. (2024). Spatial locative relativization in three African varieties of Portuguese: unity in diversity and diversity in unity. Languages, 9(3), 83, 1-24. http://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/languages9030083
Móia, T. (2024). Habitual sentences with costumar ‘use to’: Issues of tense and interaction with frequentative adjuncts. Journal Of Portuguese Linguistics, 23(1), 1-43. http://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.16995/jpl.11753
pdf1.08 MB
Cadime, I., Santos, A. L., Ribeiro, I., Viana, F. L., & Martín-Aragoneses, M. T. (2025). Living the first years in a pandemic: children’s linguistic development and related factors in and out of the COVID-19 lockdowns. Journal Of Child Language, 52. http://doi.org/10.1017/S0305000924000412
Móia, T. (2024). Orações interrogativas com 'qual': análise gramatical e variação português europeu / português brasileiro. Linguística: Revista De Estudos Linguísticos Da Universidade Do Porto, 19, 129-156. http://doi.org/10.21747/16466195/ling19a6
pdf569.24 KB
Móia, T. (2024). Semântica e sintaxe das orações interrogativas com o quantificador 'quão' no português contemporâneo. Revista Galega De Filoloxía , 25, 125-144. http://doi.org/10.17979/rgf.2024.25.10587
pdf652.75 KB
Costa, A., Matos, G., & Luegi, P. (2011). Using eye-tracking to study anaphoric relations processing in European Portuguese. Journal Of Eye Tracking, Visual Cognition And Emotion.
Móia, T. (2025). Interrogativas encobertas em português. Revista Laborhistórico, v.11, n.1, e63438, 1-29. http://doi.org/10.24206/ lh.v11i1.63438
pdf266.63 KB
Castro, I., Cardoso, H. C., Koster, G., Adelaar, A., & Baxter, A. (2019). The Lisbon book of pantuns. O Arqueólogo Português , série V, 6/7 , 315-317.
Pombo, P., & Cardoso, H. C. (2020). Shining a spotlight on the history of Diu. Asian Review Of World Histories, 8(2), 203-206.
Cardoso, H. C., & Costa, P. (2021). Synchronic variation in Sri Lanka Portuguese personal pronouns. Journal Of Pidgin And Creole Languages, 36(1), 81-113. http://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1075/jpcl.00070.car
Cardoso, H. C. (2021). Convergence in the Malabar: The case of Indo-Portuguese. Journal Of Pidgin And Creole Languages , 36(2), 299-336. http://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1075/jpcl.00077.car
Cardoso, H. C. (2024). Exploring variation among the last speakers of Malabar Indo-Portuguese. Journal Of Ibero-Romance Creoles, 13, 58-80. Retrieved from https://www.acblpe.com/revista/volume-13-2024/exploring-variation-among-the-last-speakers-of-malabar-indo-portuguese
Móia, T. (2024). A supressão de preposições argumentais antes de orações interrogativas indiretas no português europeu padrão contemporâneo. Études Romanes De Brno, 45(4), 128-151. http://doi.org/10.5817/ERB2024-4-7
pdf346.64 KB
Móia, T. (2025). O advérbio 'nunca' e as combinações 'nunca antes' e 'nunca mais': interpretação semântica e questões pragmáticas. Zeitschrift Für Romanische Philologie, 141(1), 221-252. http://doi.org/10.1515/zrp-2025-0009
pdf1.62 MB
Santos, A. L., & Gonçalves, A. (2026). Object control verbs and syntactic causatives: Inflected infinitives as a cue to syntactic structure. Journal Of Linguistics (Online), 62, 29. http://doi.org/10.1017/S0022226725000179
Gonçalves, A., & Colaço, M. (2024). Is there hyper-raising in European Portuguese?. Probus, 36, 51-75. http://doi.org/10.1515/probus-2024-2005